Hip-hop helps with depression says study

LONDON — With its links to gang warfare, drugs and drive-by shootings, the hip-hop music scene has never professed to be beneficial for health.

But now psychiatrists at Cambridge University believe that “hip-hop therapy” could help people who are depressed or mentally ill.

In an article in The Lancet Psychiatry, the team claims lyrics that speak of overcoming hardships and struggles offer a refuge for the desperate, while rapping problems acts as an emotional outlet.

“Much of hip-hop comes from areas of great socio-economic deprivation, so it’s inevitable that its lyrics will reflect the issues faced by people brought up in these areas, including poverty, marginalisation, crime and drugs,” said Akeem Sule of the University of Cambridge.

“In fact, we can see in the lyrics many of the key risk factors for mental illness, from which it can be difficult to escape.

“Hip-hop artistes use their skills and talents not only to describe the world they see, but also as a means of breaking free. There’s often a message of hope in amongst the lyrics, describing the place where they want to be — the cars they want to own, the models they want to date.”

Hip-hop originated in the South Bronx area of New York during the early 1970s and has become notorious for glamorising violence and objectifying women. Most, like Tupac Shakur and the Notorious B.I.G., died of gunshot wounds, drugs overdoses or car accidents. However, the academics at Oxford and Cambridge claim the bleak vision created by artistes can reach people who feel in an equally hopeless place.

They recommend The Message by Grandmaster Flash & The Furious Five, released in 1982, which includes the lyrics, “I can’t take the smell, can’t take the noise/Got no money to move out, I guess I got no choice”. They also cite Juicy by The Notorious B.I.G., which is “dedicated to all the teachers that told me I’d never amount to nothin’” but details how he became successful.

The team said the technique is similar to the process of “positive visual imagery” which is being investigated by the University of Oxford. This technique is a form of therapy whereby the patient is encouraged to use the power of their imagination to help them through difficult times, including through depression and bipolar episodes.

“We believe that hip-hop, with its rich, visual narrative style, can be used to make therapies that are more effective for specific populations and can help patients with depression to create more positive images of themselves, their situations and their future,” said Sule.

The psychotherapists are keen to take “hip hop psyche” into prisons, schools and hostels to promote positive self-esteem through engagement with hip-hop artists.

“It’s been about 40 years since hip-hop first began in the ghettos of New York City and it has come a long way since then, influencing areas as diverse as politics and technology,” said co-author Becky Inkster clinical neuroscientist in the Department of Psychiatry at Cambridge.

“Now we hope to add medicine to the list.” THE DAILY TELEGRAPH